Effects of crystal structure on the uptake of metals by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) otoliths
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چکیده
This is the first study to report spectroscopic and elemental analysis of aragonite and vaterite growing simultaneously and separately in both the core and the edges of the same otolith. Our investigations focused on understanding differential trace metal uptake, including the influence of the metal itself (i.e., ionic radii), the crystalline structure, and the development state of the fish. Chemistry and crystal structure of sagittal otoliths from lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were studied using laser ablation combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Analyses of the composition of vaterite and aragonite growing in the same growth ring show that smaller cations like Mg (0.86 Å) (1 Å = 0.1 nm) and Mn (0.81 Å) were more abundant in the vaterite hexagonal crystal structure, whereas larger cations such as Sr (1.32 Å) and Ba (1.49 Å) were preferentially incorporated in aragonite (orthorhombic). Similarly, the coprecipitation of aragonite and vaterite in cores and edges allowed us to demonstrate that the uptake rates (as determined by element-specific partition coefficients) for Sr and Ba were greater in aragonite than vaterite, whereas those of Mg and Mn were higher in vaterite than in aragonite. Résumé : C’est la première fois qu’on reporte la cristallisation de l’aragonite et de la vatérite séparément dans le cœur et les anneaux du même otolithe. Nos recherches se concentrent sur la compréhension de l’inclusion des métaux dans l’otolithe. L’incorporation peut varier selon la nature du métal (rayon ionique), la structure cristalline et le stade de développement du poisson. Nous avons étudié la chimie et la composition des cristaux de CaCO3 dans les otolithes sagittales de truites (Salvelinus namaycush) par ablation laser couplée avec un spectromètre de masse atomique à plasma induit (LA-ICP-MS) et par spectroscopie Raman, respectivement. Les analyses sur la composition chimique des deux polymorphes de CaCO3 dans le même anneau d’otolithe, correspondant au même environnement, montrent que les cations de petites tailles tel que Mg (0,86 Å) (1 Å = 0,1 nm) et Mn (0,81 Å) sont plus abondants dans la vatérite, tandis que les cations volumineux comme Sr (1,32 Å) et Ba (1,49 Å) sont préférentiellement incorporés dans l’aragonite. Similairement, la co-précipitation de l’aragonite et de la vatérite dans le cœur et les extrémités de l’otolithe nous a permis de démontrer que les taux d’incorporation (déterminés par les coefficients de partition) de Sr et Ba sont plus élevés dans l’aragonite que dans la vatérite, tandis que ceux de Mg et Mn sont plus élevés dans la vatérite comparativement à l’aragonite. Melancon et al. 2619
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تاریخ انتشار 2005